click on images to enlarge St. Ann & the Holy Trinity   (Episcopal) 157 Montague Street Brooklyn Heights, N.Y. 11201 http://www.saintannandtheholytrinity.org/ Organ Specifications: ► V/72 Skinner Organ Company, Op. 524 (1925), rev. ► IV/64 Skinner Organ Company, Op. 524 (1925) ► IV/– Skinner Organ Company, Op. 142 (1909) – console ► III/50 George S. Hutchings Co., Op. 474 (1899) ► III/45 Hilborne L. Roosevelt, Op. 2 (1873) ► III/40 William A. Johnson (1870) ► III/32 Henry Crabbe (1847) 1856 interior showing Crabbe Organ The Protestant Episcopal Church of the Holy Trinity in Brooklyn Heights was designed by Minard Lafever (1798-1854) and completed in 1848. Lafever's design is considered one of the finest masterpieces of the Gothic Revival style in America. The church's elaborate interior features a soaring nave highlighted by lierne vaulting which employs wood-frame plaster vaults. More than 7000 square feet of stained glass by William Jay Bolton depict the "Jesse Tree" of Christ’s ancestry; this astounding collection is perhaps the most significant early American stained glass installation. Bolton’s organ loft window is on permanent exhibition in the American Wing of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. A clash between the bishop and rival factions within the parish led to the closure and dissolution, in 1959, of Holy Trinity Church. In 1969, St. Ann's Church, faced with a crumbling building only a few blocks away, moved into the former Holy Trinity Church, resulting in the present name of St. Ann and the Holy Trinity. At this time, the E.M. Skinner organ was modified, and a new five-manual console was installed with Virgil Fox as the consultant.   In 1979, the New York Landmarks Conservancy intervened to save the aging church and stained glass, and in 1983 the St. Ann Center for Restoration and the Arts was founded. The center’s record of success included the restoration of the chancel window, 64 stained glass windows by William Bolton in the nave (considered the earliest of their type in America), and the exterior fence. With support from World Monuments Fund, a conditions survey was carried out and matching funds were made available from the New York State Bond Act to restore the roof. Today the church is open for services and restoration efforts are moving ahead. St Ann's is also seeking to make the property more self-sustaining through the sensitive development of its adjacent Parish Hall.                         Skinner Organ Company Boston, Mass. – Opus 524 (1925); rev. (1968) Electro-pneumatic action 5 manuals, 73 stops, 72 ranks In 1968, the Skinner organ was altered and enlarged by Farrell & Van Zoeren of Brooklyn. A new five-manual console was built by Keats and installed in 1970. The Keats console had drawknobs that were engraved with an Old English font, and included preparations for many additions. In 2005, the console was rebuilt by John Randolph. The Organ Historical Society awarded its distinguished Historical Citation No. 240 in recognition of the Skinner Organ as an outstanding example of organbuilding and worthy of preservation.                 Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes 16   Double Open Diapason 61 4   Flute 61 16   Bourdon 61 2   Fifteenth 61 8   1st Open Diapason 61     Harmonics II ranks 1 122 8   2nd Open Diapason 61   Mixture IV ranks 244 8   Claribel Flute 61 8   Trumpet 61 8   Wald Flute 61   Chimes EC 8   Viola Dolce 61     Great Sub, Super, Unison Off 8   Erzahler 61     Great Melody   4   Octave 61                         Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed 16   Bourdon 73 2   Flautino 61 8   Diapason 73     Cornet V ranks 365 8   Gedeckt 73   Mixture V ranks 365 8   Hohl Flute 73 16   Posaune 4 73 8   Quintadena 2 73 8   Cornopean 4 73 8   Salicional 73 8   Corno d'Amore 73 8   Voix Celeste 73 8   Vox Humana 61 8   Flauto Dolce 73 4   Clarion 4 73 8   Flute Celeste [TC] 61     Tremolo   4   Octave 3 73   Swell Sub, Super, Unison Off 4   Flute Triangulaire 73     Swell Melody   4   Gemshorn 73                         Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed 16   Gamba 73 1 3/5   Tierce 61 8   Diapason 73 8   English Horn 73 8   Concert Flute 73 8   Clarinet 73 8   Dulciana 73     Harp [not working] 61 bars 8   Unda Maris [TC] 61     Celesta   8   Viola d'Amour 73     Tremolo   4   Flute 73     Choir Sub, Super, Unison Off 2 2/3   Nasard 61     Choir Melody   2   Octavin 5 61                       Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, enclosed 8   Gross Gedackt 73 8   Tuba Mirablis 73 8   Gross Gamba 73   Tremolo   8   Gamba Celeste 73      Solo Sub, Super, Unison Off 4   Orchestral Flute 73   Solo Melody   8   French Horn 73                       Echo Organ (Manual V) – 61 notes, enclosed 8   Chimney Flute 73     Tremolo   8   Muted Viole 73     Chimes 20 tubes 4   Silverette 73     Echo Sub, Super, Unison Off 8   Vox Humana 61                         Pedal Organ – 32 notes 32   Bourdon 32 8   Gedeckt [ext.] 12 16   Diapason 32 8   Still Gedeckt [ext.] SW 16   Violone 32 4   Stopped Flute [ext.] 12 16   Bourdon [ext.] 12 32   Bombarde 32 16   Echo Bourdon SW 16   Trombone [ext.] 12 16   Gamba CH 16   Posaune SW 10 2/3   Quint — 8   Tromba [ext.] 12 8   Octave [ext.] 12 8   Tuba Mirabilis SO 8   Cello [ext.] 12     Chimes  EC                 Footnotes: 1.   Originally from the E.M. Skinner organ (Opus 280, 1917) in Brick Presbyterian Church, Manhattan. 2.   This stop was removed in the 1960s, and replaced with the 4' Octave. The pipes are currently stored under the gallery floor, and must be completely rebuilt to be usable. 3.   This is a Henry Wills stop, added in the 1960s. At the same time, the 8' Diapason and 2' Flautino were loudened. The 2' was renamed. 4.   These Swell reed stops were loudened in the 1960s. At the same time, their character was changed. 5.   Originally a double-length Piccolo, these pipes were cut in half in the 1960s and renamed.   It should be noted that, other than in the restored Solo Division, every rank in the organ has isolated dead notes and/or damaged pipes.         notes by Gregory Eaton, 2005                 Church of the Holy Trinity, c. 1925 Skinner Organ Company Boston, Mass. – Opus 524 (1925) Electro-pneumatic action 4 manuals, 69 stops, 64 ranks, 4,244 pipes The 1925 Skinner organ in the gallery of the church replaced a four-manual George S. Hutchings organ, Op. 474 (1899) for which Skinner had provided a second four-manual console (at the opposite end of the church) in 1909. Skinner's Op. 524, which originally had 4 manuals and 64 ranks of pipes, contains the first (and only extant) examples of Skinner's Melody Super Couplers. The 32' reed with metal resonators that was scheduled for the church went instead for a school, and the church got the reed with wooden resonators that was to go to the school. This stop has a very full sound and is much larger in scale than other Skinner 32' reeds of that era.                 Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes 16   Diapason 61 4   Principal 61 16   Bourdon PED 4   Flute 61 8   First Diapason 61 2   Fifteenth 61 8   Second Diapason 61   Harmonics II ranks 122 8   Claribel Flute 61   Mixture IV ranks 244 8   Wald Flute 61 8   Trumpet 61 8   Erzahler 61     Tremulant 8   Viola Dolce 61     Great Melody                   Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed 16   Bourdon 73 4   Flute Triangulaire 73 8   Diapason 73 2   Flautino 61 8   Hohl Flute 73   Cornet V ranks 305 8   Gedeckt 73   Mixture IV ranks 244 8   Salicional 73 16   Posaune 73 8   Voix Celeste 73 8   Cornopean 73 8   Flauto Dolce 73 8   Corno d'Amore 73 8   Flute Celeste [TC] 61 8   Vox Humana 73 4   Octave 73 4   Clarion 73 4   Gemshorn 73   Tremulant                 Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed 16   Gamba 73 2 2/3   Nazard 61 8   Diapason 73 2   Octavin 61 8   Concert Flute 73 1 3/5   Tierce 61 8   Dulciana 73 8   English Horn 73 8   Unda Maris [TC] 61 8   Clarinet 73 8   Viola d'Amour 73     Tremulant 4   Flute 73     Choir Melody                 Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, enclosed 8   Gross Gedackt 73 8   Tuba Mirabilis [20" w.p.] 73 8   Gross Gamba 73 8   French Horn 73 8   Gamba Celeste 73      Tremulant 4   Orchestral Flute 73   Solo Melody                 Echo Organ – 61 notes, enclosed 8   Chimney Flute 73 8   Vox Humana 61 8   Muted Viol 73     Tremulant 4   Silverette 73                         Pedal Organ – 32 notes 32   Bourdon 32 8   Cello [ext.] 12 16   Diapason 32 8   Flute [ext.] 12 16   Violone 32 8   Still Gedeckt SW 16   Bourdon [ext.] 12 4   Stopped Flute [ext.] 12 16   Gamba CH 32   Bombarde 32 16   Echo Bourdon SW 16   Trombone [ext.] 12 10 2/3   Quint — 16   Posaune SW 8   Octave [ext.] 12 8   Tromba [ext.] 12                           Skinner Organ Company Boston, Mass. – Opus 142 (1909) Electro-pneumatic action 4 manual console In 1909, a four-manual console was installed at the opposite end of the church by Ernest M. Skinner as his Opus 142.             George S. Hutchings Co. Boston, Mass. – Opus 474 (1899) Tubular or Electro-pneumatic action 3 manuals, 43 stops, 50 ranks The Hutchings organ, located in the gallery, had a detached and extended key desk. Hutchings Tubular, or Electro-pneumatic, action was used throughout.                 Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes 16   Open Diapason 61 4   Octave 61 8   First Open Diapason 61 4   Hohl Flute 61 8   Second Open Diapason 61 2 2/3   Octave Quinte 61 8   Viola d'Amour 61 2   Super Octave 61 8   Gross Gamba 61   Mixture IV ranks 244 8   Gross Flute 61 8   Trumpet 61                 Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed 16   Bourdon Bass 12 4   Flute Harmonique 61 16   Bourdon Treble [TC] 49 2   Flageolet 61 8   Open Diapason 61   Dolce Cornet V ranks 305 8   Salicional 61 16   Contra Fagotto 61 8   Aeoline 61 8   Cornopean 61 8   Stopped Diapason 61 8   Oboe 61 8   Spitz Floete 61 8   Vox Humana 61 4   Gemshorn 61   Tremolo [Pedal]                 Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes 16   Contra Gamba [stopped bass] 61 4   Fugara 61 8   Open Diapason 61 4   Flute d'Amour 61 8   Dolce 61 2   Piccolo Harmonique 61 8   Concert Flute 61 8   Clarinet 61                 Pedal Organ – 30 notes 16   Open Diapason 30 8   Gedeckt 30 16   Violone 30 10 2/3   Quinte 30 16   Bourdon 30 16   Trombone 30 8   Floete 30 8   Tromba 30 8   Violoncello 30                     Adjustable Combination Pistons     Pistons No. 1-2-3-4-5 affecting Swell organ     Pistons No. 1-2-3-4-5 affecting Great organ     Pistons No. 1-2-3-4-5 affecting Choir organ     General Release                           Pedal Movements     Great to Pedal Reversible   Balanced Swell Pedal       Full Organ, controlling entire organ   Balanced Crescendo Pedal       Swell tremolo                       Hilborne L. Roosevelt New York City – Opus 2 (1873) Mechanical action 3 manuals, 35 stops, 45 ranks                 Scarcely three years after William A. Johnson rebuilt the organ in Holy Trinity Church, the instrument was radically rebuilt by Hilborne L. Roosevelt, at the time a fledgling organbuilder in New York City. Various sources list this project as Mr. Roosevelt's Op. 2 or Op. 3. The rebuilt organ was exhibited on Tuesday evening, Dec. 14, 1875, with a program by Mr. S. B. Whitely and Mr. Samuel P. Warren, organists of Holy Trinity, and Mr. George W. Morgan, organist of the Brooklyn Tabernacle, assisted by a male chorus of sixteen voices. Click here to view the program. "The improvements made by Mr. Roosevelt are very extensive, consisting of an entire remodelling of the Organ, from a so-called G. Organ, (compass GGG, to F.) to the modern compass (CCC, to A.). Each stop in the Swell being carried throughout. The Key-board, Action, Couplers, Combination Pedals, Swell-box, Swell Sound-board, etc., are entirely new, whilst many defects have been remedied all thoughout the Organ. The thorough revoicing also of each Stop has greatly enhanced its tone. Great credit is due to Mr. Roosevelt for accomplishing such desirable results.      "The specification and supervision of the alterations was made by the Organist, Mr. S. B. Whiteley."                 Great Organ (Manual II) – 58 notes 8   Open Diapason 58 2 2/3   Twelfth 58 8   Stop Diapason 58 2   Fifteenth 58 8   Gamba 58   Sesquialtera, 3 ranks 174 4   Principal 58   Mixture, 5 ranks 290 4   Flute, Harmonic 58 8   Trumpet 58                 Swell Organ (Manual III) – 58 notes, enclosed 16   Double Diapason 58 2   Fifteenth 58 8   Open Diapason 58   Cornet, 5 ranks 290 8   Stop Diapason 58 8   Oboe 58 8   Flute à Cheminée 58 8   Trumpet 58 8   Salicional 58 8   Vox Humana 58 8   Quintadena 58   Tremolo 4   Principal 58                     Choir Organ (Manual I) – 58 notes 8   Open Diapason 58 4   Flute 58 8   Stop Diapason 58 4   Principal 58 8   Clarabella 58 2   Fifteenth 58 8   Violoncello 58 8   Cremorne 58 8   Keraulophon 58                         Pedal Organ – 25 notes 16   Open Diapason 25 8   Violoncello 25 16   Bourdon 25 16   Trombone 25                 Couplers     Swell to Great       Octave Cp. Swell to Great     Great to Pedal       Swell to Choir       Swell to Pedal                           Combination Pedals     Swell Forte       Great Forte       Swell Piano       Great Piano               William A. Johnson Westfield, Mass. (1870) Mechanical action 3 manuals, 33 stops, 40 ranks The 1847 Henry Crabbe organ was rebuilt in 1869-70 by William A. Johnson, the noted organbuilder of Westfield, Mass. Johnson so admired Crabbe's work that he incorporated much of it into the rebuilt organ. On February 28, 1870, the organ was rededicated by Samuel P. Warren (1841-1915), organist of the church, who shared the program with vocal soloists, choirs and harp. The program included specifications of the Henry Crabbe organ as of 1860 (the year Mr. Warren commenced as organist) and the 1870 organ as rebuilt by William A. Johnson. Click here to view the program. The following note was printed under the 1860 specification: Built by HENRY CRABBE, Esq., Flatbush, L.I. 1847 (or thereabouts). The Diapasons and Mixtures, for which Mr. Crabbe has always been justly celebrated (including the very fine Pedal Diapason) remain exactly as built by him. Under the 1870 specification was noted: All the Improvements (with scarce an exception) by William A. Johnson, Esq., of Westfield, Mass. Hydraulic Engine of Forester's [sic] Patent, from Forrester & Smith, Bridgeport, Conn.                 Great Organ 8   Open Diapason 3   Twelfth   8   Viole di gamba [1865] 2   Fifteenth   8   { Clarabella [1865]   Sesquialtera [3 ranks]   8   { Stop Bass   Mixture [4 ranks]   4   Principal 8   Trumpet, New [1870]   4   Flute Harmonique [1870]                       Swell Organ – enclosed 16   Bourdon 2   Fifteenth   8   Open Diapason   Cornet [3 ranks]   8   Salicional [1870] 8   Trumpet, New [1863]   8   Quintadina [sic] [1870] 8   Hautboy, New [1870]   8   Flute a Cheminee [1870] 8   Vox Humana [1870]   4   Principal   Tremolo [1870]                   Choir Organ 8   { Open Diapason   8   Wald Flute [1863] *   8   { Open Wood Bass   4   Principal   8   Stop Diapason   2   Fifteenth   8   Clarabella   8   Cremona [Revoiced 1863]   8   Keraulophon [1865]       * more probably 4' pitch                   Pedal Organ 16   Open Diapason 8   Violoncello [1863]   16   Bourdon 16   Trombone [1870]                   Copulas, etc.     Great and Swell           Great and Swell Octaves [1863]           Choir and Swell           Pedals and Great           Pedals and Choir             Tremolo [1863]             Engine [1869]                         Watercolor by Minard Lafever Henry Crabbe Flatbush, L.I. (1847) Mechanical action 3 manuals, 25 stops, 32 ranks The original organ for the Church of the Holy Trinity was built by Henry Crabb[e] (1793-1872) of Flatbush, L.I. (incorporated into Brooklyn in 1894). Henry Crabbe, a native of Devonshire, England, immigrated to the U.S. in 1837, where he worked with Firth & Hall of New York City from 1837-1838 before establishing his own firm in Flatbush. Crabbe's organ for Holy Trinity was probably his largest in America, having three manuals and twenty-five stops. This organ had a "G-compass" with a manual range of GGG to F, and was contained in a Gothic case designed by architect Minard Lafever.                 Great Organ 8   Open Diapason   2   Fifteenth   8   Stop Diapason     Sesquialtera [3 ranks]   4   Principal     Mixture [4 ranks]   3   Twelfth   8   Trumpet                   Swell Organ – enclosed 16   Bourdon   2   Fifteenth   8   Open Diapason     Cornet [3 ranks]   8   Stop Diapason   8   Trumpet   4   Principal   8   Hautboy   3   Twelfth                         Choir Organ 8   { Open Diapason   8   Dulcianna [sic]   8   { Open Wood Bass   4   Principal   8   Stop Diapason   2   Fifteenth   8   Clarabella   8   Cremona                   Pedal Organ 16   Open Diapason                           Couplers     Pedals and Great             Pedals and Choir             Great and Swell             Great and Choir             Choir and Swell                     Sources:      Aeolian-Skinner Archives web site: http://aeolian-skinner.110mb.com/      Brown, Roscoe C. E. Church of the Holy Trinity Brooklyn Heights in the City of New York 1847-1922. New York: The Dunlap Press, Inc., 1922.      DuBois, W.E.B. "In the Crucible." www.anglocatholicsocialism.org/crucible.html      Eaton, Gregory. Specifications of Hutchings Organ, Op. 474; courtesy Jonathan Bowen.      "Exhibition of the Organ of the Church of the Holy Trinity, Brooklyn, Tuesday Evening, Dec. 14th, 1875," with specifications of Roosevelt Organ, Op. 3 (1873); pub. by Holy Trinity Church, Brooklyn. Courtesy James Lewis.      Fox, David H. A Guide to North American Organbuilders (Rev. ed.). Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 1997.      Kinzey, Allen, and Sand Lawn, comps. E.M. Skinner/Aeolian-Skinner Opus List. New Rev. Ed. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 1997.      J.H. & C.S. Odell & Co. Opus List compiled by Sand Lawn; courtesy of David Scribner.      Nelson, George. Organs in the United States and Canada Database. Seattle, Wash.      Ochse, Orpha. The History of the Organ in the United States. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1975.      Ogasapian, John. Organ Building in New York City: 1700-1900. Braintree: The Organ Literature Foundation, 1977.      Organ Historical Society web site: http://www.organsociety.org.      Speller, John. "Henry Crabb: An Ancient Tradition of Organbuilding Moves from Devonshire to New York," The Tracker, 43:3 (1999), pp. 13-14.      Stiles, Henry Reed. History of the City of Brooklyn: Including the Old Town and Village of Brooklyn, the Town of Bushwick, and the Village and City of Williamsburgh. Brooklyn: pub. by subscription, 1863.      "Stop, Open and Reed – a Periodical Presentation of Pipe Organ Progress". Boston: Skinner Organ Company, 1922-1927.      Trupiano, Larry: Organ Rededication Program (Feb. 28, 1870). Photos:      Lawson, Steven E.: exterior, interior, Skinner organ case.      Lafever, Minard. Architectural Instructor. New York: Putnam, 1856: interior; courtesy Larry Trupiano.      "Stop, Open and Reed – a Periodical Presentation of Pipe Organ Progress": Skinner organ case.      Trupiano, Larry: console of Hilborne L. Roosevelt Organ, Op. 2 (1873).      Trupiano, Larry: watercolor (1860) of Minard Lefever's design for the Henry Crabbe organ case.      World Monument Watch web site: http://www.wmf.org/html/programs/usasta.html | NYC AGO Home Page | Back to NYC Organ Project List |