Click on images to enlarge St. George's Church (Episcopal) 209 East 16th Street at Stuyvesant Square New York, N.Y. 10003 http://stgeorgesnyc.dioceseny.org Organ Specifications: 209 East 16th Street at Stuyvesant Square (since 1846) ► IV/95 M.P. Möller, Inc., Op. 9127 (1958) ► IV/135 Austin Organ Company           Op. 1530 (1928) – Chancel           Op. 1549 (1928) – Gallery ► IV/77 Cole & Woodberry (1907); reb. ► II/23 George Jardine & Son (1884) – Chancel ► IV/65 George Jardine & Son (1869) – Gallery • III/45 Henry Erben (1856) ► III/37 Thomas Hall (1822) – moved from old church 1867) Beekman Street (1749-1846) ► III/37 Thomas Hall (1822) • John Geib (ca.1800) See also the Chapel Organ. St. George's Episcopal Church is part of the parish of Calvary-St. George's, which has been active in New York since before the Revolutionary War. The church, on Manhattan's lower east side, was the location of Geo. Jardine's most famous organ of the late 19th century. One of America's first unencased instruments, the four-manual organ in the rear gallery featured flared reeds around a clock. The Jardine organ was replaced by an Austin, which in turn yielded to the Möller, designed by Ernest White.   M.P. Möller, Inc. Hagerstown, Md. – Opus 9127 (1958) Electro-pneumatic action 4 manuals, 86 stops, 95 ranks                 CHANCEL ORGAN               Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes 16   Quintaton 61 2 2/3   Sesquialtera II ranks 122 8   Principal 61   Fourniture IV ranks 244 8   Bourdon 61     Cornet II ranks 122 4   Octave 61     Scharf III ranks 183 4   Rohrflöte 61     Tremulant 2 2/3   Quint 61     Great Unison Off 2   Doublette 61                       Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed 16   Flute conique 61   Plein Jeu III ranks 183 8   Flute à chiminée 61   Cymbale II ranks 122 8   Viole de Gambe 61 16   Fagot 61 8   Viole Céleste 61 8   Trompette 61 8   Flauto Dolce 61 8   Musette 61 8   Flauto Dolce Celeste 61 4   Hautbois 61 4   Prestant 61   Tremulant 4   Flute ouverte 61   Swell to Swell 16' 2 2/3   Nazard 61   Swell Unison Off 2   Octavin       Swell to Swell 4'   1 3/5   Tierce                         Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed 16   Erzähler [unit] 73 16   Rohrschalmei 61 8   Gedeckt 61 8   Krummhorn 61 8   Viola 61 4   Oboe Schalmei 61 8   Erzähler —   Tremulant 8   Erzähler Celeste 61   Chimes 21 tubes 4   Principal 61   Harp 49 bars 4   Koppelflöte 61   Choir to Choir 16'   2   Oktav 61   Choir Unison Off     Scharf III ranks 183   Choir to Choir 4'     Zimbel II ranks 122                     Positiv Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes 8   Quintflöte 61 1 1/3   Quint 61 4   Prinzipal 61 1   Prinzipal 61 4   Rohrflöte 61   Acuta III ranks 183 2 2/3   Nasat 61   Tremulant 2   Blockflöte 61   Positiv to Positiv 16' 1 3/5   Terz 61   Positiv Unison Off                 Chancel Pedal Organ – 32 notes 16   Violone 32 4   Nachthorn [unit] 44 16   Bourdon 32 2   Octavin 32 16   Quintaton GT 2   Nachthorn — 16   Flute conique SW     Mixture III ranks 96 16   Erzähler CH     Harmonics III ranks 96 8   Principal 32 16   Trumpet [unit] 56 8   Bourdon 32 16   Fagot SW 8   Flute conique SW 8   Trumpet — 8   Erzähler CH 4   Trumpet — 4   Octave 32                   GALLERY ORGAN               Gallery I Organ – 61 notes 8   Principal 61 2   Octavin 61 4   Octave 61   Mixture IV ranks 244 2 2/3   Quint 61                   Gallery II Organ – 61 notes   Harmonics IV ranks 244 8   Trompette harmonique 61 16   Bombarde 61 4   Clairon harmonique 61               Gallery Pedal Organ – 32 notes 32   Bourdon [unit] 56 4   Octave — 16   Bourdon — 32   Bombarde [unit] 56 8   Principal [unit] 44 16   Bombarde — 8   Bourdon — 8   Bombarde —                 Couplers     Great to Pedal 8'   Positiv to Swell 8'     Swell to Pedal 8', 4'   Gallerly I to Swell 8'     Choir to Pedal 8', 4'   Gallery II to Swell 8'     Positiv to Pedal 8'   Great to Choir 8'     Gallery I to Pedal 8'   Swell to Choir 16', 8', 4'     Gallery II to Pedal 8'   Positiv to Choir 16', 8'     Swell to Great 8'   Gallery I to Choir 8'     Choir to Great 8'   Gallery II to Choir 8'     Positiv to Great 16', 8'   Great to Positiv 8'     Gallery I to Great 8'   Swell to Positiv 8'     Gallery II to Great 8'   Choir to Positiv 8'     Great to Swell 8'                     Reversibles     Great to Pedal (thumb & toe)   Gallery II to Pedal (thumb & toe)     Swell to Pedal (thumb & toe)   Ped. 32' Bourdon (thumb & toe)     Choir to Pedal (thumb & toe)   Ped. 32' Bombarde (thumb & toe)     Positiv to Pedal (thumb & toe)   Full Organ (thumb & toe)     Gallery I to Pedal (thumb & toe)                     Adjustable Combinations     Great Pistons 1-8 affecting Great stops (thumb) Swell Pistons 1-8 affecting Swell stops (thumb) Choir Pistons 1-8 affecting Choir stops (thumb) Positiv Pistons 1-8 affecting Positiv stops (thumb) Pedal Pistons 1-8 affecting Pedal stops (thumb & toe) Gallery I Pistons 1-3 affecting Gallery I stops (thumb) Gallery II Pistons 1-3 affecting Gallery II stops (thumb) Gallery Pedal Pistons 1-4 affecting Gallery Pedal stops (thumb & toe) General Pistons 1-10 affecting all stops and couplers (thumb & toe) General Cancel                 On or Offs     Chancel Pedal   Gallery Organ     Gallery Pedal   Gallery I     Chancel Organ   Gallery II                 Expression     Balanced Swell Pedal           Balanced Choir Pedal           Crescendo Pedal                                         Gallery Case, Austin Op. 1549 Austin Organ Company Hartford, Conn. Chancel Organ: Opus 1530 (1928) Gallery Organ: Opus 1549 (1928) Electro-pneumatic action 4 manuals, 157 stops, 135 ranks Two contracts were awarded in 1927 to the Austin Organ Company for a divided organ which would replace the two Jardine & Sons organs of 1869 and 1884. The Chancel Organ, opus 1530, cost $24,350 and was a memorial to Cornelia Garrison Chapin and Martha Anne Leavitt; and the Gallery Organ, opus 1549, cost $54,650 and was given by the Morgan family in memory of John Pierpont and Frances Tracy Morgan. Both organs were controlled by one four-manual console, located in the chancel. Austin's design for the Gallery case incorporated the famous radiating trumpets from the 1869 Jardine & Son organ which it replaced. Fernando Germani, organist at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, gave the inaugural recitals on December 19 and 26, 1928.               CHANCEL ORGAN               Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes, enclosed 16   Violone * 61 8   Violoncello 61 8   Open Diapason 1 61 8   Octave 61 8   Open Diapason 2 61 8   Waldflöte 61 8   Melodia 61     Mixture III ranks 183 8   Gemshorn 61 8   Tuba Harmonic 61 8   Grossflöte 61     * unenclosed             Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed 16   Bourdon 73 2 2/3   Super Quint Viole * 61 8   Open Diapason 73 2   Super Octave Viole * 61 8   Clarabella 73 1 3/5   Tierce Viole * 61 8   Gedeckt 73     Mixture V ranks [draws * stops] — 8   Salicional 73 16   Contra Fagotto 73 8   Viole d'Orchestre 73 8   Cornopean 73 8   Viole Celeste 73 8   Oboe 73 8   Aeoline 73 8   Corno d'Amore 73 8   Unda Maris 73 8   Vox Humana 73 5 1/3   Quint * 61 4   Clarion 73 4   Orchestral Flute 73   Tremolo 4   Violina * 61                 Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed 8   English Diapason 73 8   Quintadena 73 8   Concert Flute 73 8   Flute d'Amour 73 8   Flute Celeste 73 8   Orchestral Oboe 73 8   Dulciana 73 8   Clarinet 73 8   Vox Angelica 73   Tremolo             Chancel Pedal Organ – 32 notes 32   Resultant Diapason [wood] — 8   Octave — 32   Resultant Violone [wood] — 8   Violoncello — 16   Open Diapason [unit] 44 8   Dolce Flute — 16   Violone [unit] 44  16   Tuba Profunda [ext. GT] 12 16   Bourdon [unit] 44  16   Contra Fagotto SW 16   Lieblich Gedeckt SW               GALLERY ORGAN               Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes 16   Double Open Diapason 61 4   Harmonic Flute 61 16   Bourdon 61 2 2/3   Twelfth 61 8   Open Diapason 1 61 2   Fifteenth 61 8   Open Diapason 2 61   Mixture VI ranks * 61 8   Open Diapason 3 * 61 16   Double Trumpet 61 8   Doppelflöte 61 8   Tromba 61 8   Viola d'Gamba 61 4   Clarion 61 8   Gemshorn 61   String Organ 4   Octave 61   * enclosed         Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed 16   Melodia 73 4   Violina 73 8   Open Diapason 73 2   Flageolet 61 8   Stopped Flute 73   Mixture V ranks 305 8   Hohlflöte 73   Dolce Cornet III ranks 183 8   Viole d'Orchestre 73 16   Contra Posaune 73 8   Viole Celeste [TC] 61 8   Posaune 73 8   Vox Seraphique 73 8   French Trumpet 73 4   Octave 73 4   Clarion 61 4   Orchestral Flute 73   Tremolo             Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed  16   Contra Gamba 73 1 3/5   Tierce 61 8   Violin Diapason 73 1 1/7   Septieme 61 8   Concert Flute 73 8   Saxophone 73 8   Flute Celeste [TC] 61 8   Cor Anglais 73 8   Spitzflöte 73 8   Vox Humana 61 8   Viola 73   Tremolo 4   Chimney Flute 73 (8)   Harp [TC] 61 bars 2   Piccolo 61 (4)   Celesta [from Harp] — 2 2/3   Nazard 61 8   Tuba SO 2   Fifteenth 61             Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, enclosed 8   Stentorphone 73 8   Tuba Mirabilis 73 8   Philomela 73 8   Tuba 73 8   Gross Gamba 73 8   French Horn 73 8   Gamba Celeste 73 4   Clarion 61 4   Doppelflöte 73     Tremolo   16   Ophicleide 73                 String Organ (floating) – 61 notes, enclosed 8   String No. 1 73 2 2/3   Nazard [rep. by 8' Dulciana] 61 8   String No. 2 73 2   Flautino 61 8   String No. 3 73 1 3/5   Tierce [rep. by 8' Unda Maris] 61 5 1/3   Quint [rep. by String No. 4] 73 8   Vox Humana 73 4   Quintadena 73   Tremolo 4   Salicet 73             Pedal Organ – 32 notes 32   Double Open Diapason 68 8   Octave — 32   Resultant Diapason — 8   Violoncello — 32   Resultant Violone — 8   Gedeckt — 32   Contra Bourdon 32 8   Flute SW 16   Open Diapason 1 32 4   Super Octave — 16   Open Diapason 2 [ext.] —   Mixture III ranks 96 16   Open Diapason 3 GT 32   Contra Bombarde 44 16   Bourdon 44 16   Trombone 56 16   Violone 44 16   Posaune SW 16   Gamba CH 16   Bombarde — 16   Melodia SW 8   Tromba — 10 2/3   Quint — 4   Clarion —                           Cole & Woodberry Boston, Mass. – Opus 241 (1907) Electro-pneumatic action 4 manuals, 72 stops, 77 ranks Cole & Woodberry of Boston rebuilt the Jardine organs in 1904, 1907, and 1910. Following is the specification in 1907.                 Great Organ (Manual II) – 58 notes     Gallery       Chancel   16   Double Open Diapason 58 16   Double Open Diapason 58 8   Grand Open Diapason 58 8   English Open Diapason 58 8   Open Diapason 58 8   Open Diapason 58 8   Stopped Diapason 58 8   Gamba 58 8   Gamba 58 8   Doppel Flute 58 4   Geigen Principal 58 8   Clarabella 58 2 2/3   Twelfth 58 4   Principal 58 2   Fifteenth 58 4   Harmonic Flute 58   Mixture, 4 ranks 232 8   Trumpet 58 8   Trumpet 58     4   Clarion 58                     Swell Organ (Manual III) – 58 notes, enclosed     Gallery       Chancel   16   Bourdon 58 16   Bourdon 58 8   Open Diapason 58 8   Open Diapason 58 8   Stopped Diapason 58 8   Stopped Diapason 58 8   Clariana 58 8   Viole d'Gamba 58 8   Dolce 58 8   Voix Celeste 58 4   Principal 58 8   Viole d'Orchestre 58 4   Echo Flute 58 8   Dulciana 58 2   Piccolo 58 4   Principal 58   Cymbal, 3 ranks 174 8   Oboe 58 8   Cornopean 58   Tremolo 8   Posaune 58                     Choir Organ (Manual I) – 58 notes, enclosed (Gallery) 16   Bourdon 58 4   Violina 58 8   Gamba 58 4   Vienna Flute 58 8   Lieblich Gedeckt 58 2   Piccolo 58 8   Dulciana 58 8   Bassoon 58 8   Voix Celeste 58 8   Cremona 58         Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 58 notes (Gallery) 8   Doppel Flute 58 4   Harmonic Flute 58 8   Vox Angelica 58 8   Tuba 58 4   Gemshorn 58 8   French Horn 58                 Echo Organ – 58 notes 16   Pedal Bourdon 30 8   Viol d'Orchestre 58 8   Open Diapason 58 8   Vox Humana 58 8   Stopped Diapason 58   Echo Tremolo                 Pedal Organ – 30 notes     Gallery       Chancel   32   Open Diapason 30 16   Open Diapason 30 16   Open Diapason 30 16   Bourdon 30 16   Bourdon 30 16   Lieblich Gedeckt 30 16   Violone 30 8   Violoncello 30 8   Violoncello 30     4   Octave 30     16   Trombone 30                     Couplers     Gallery (tilting tablets)       Chancel       Ventil On Off       Swell on       Swell to Great       Great on       Choir to Great       Pedal on       Solo to Great               Swell to Choir               Swell to Pedal               Great to Pedal               Choir to Pedal               Solo to Pedal                           Combinations     Four combinations (pistons) affecting Great Organ     Four combinations (pistons) affecting Swell Organ     Three combinations (pistons) affecting Choir Organ     Three combinations (pistons) affecting Solo Organ                 Pedal Movements     Great Piano   Great to Pedal Reversible     Great Forte   Balanced Swell Pedal     Swell Forte   Balanced Choir Pedal     Swell Piano                     Mechanicals     Crescendo Indicator   Wind Indicator               1909 photo showing Jardine Chancel Organ Chancel Organ George Jardine & Son New York City (1884) Electro-pneumatic action 2 manuals, 21 stops, 23 ranks In 1883, the church decided to move the choir from the gallery to the chancel. Jardine was contracted to build a chancel organ and to electrically connect it to the gallery organ. At the same time, Jardine made alterations to the gallery organ.                 Great Organ – 58 notes 16   Open Diapason 58 4   Principal 58 8   Open Diapason 58 4   Flute Harmonique 58 8   Doppel Flöte 58   Mixture, 2 ranks 116 8   Melodia 58 8   Trumpet 58 8   Bell Gamba 58                     Swell Organ – 58 notes, enclosed 16   Bourdon 58 4   Principal 58 8   Open Diapason 58 2   Flageolet 58 8   Dulciana 58   Cornet, 2 ranks 116 8   Stopped Diapason 58 8   Oboe 58 8   Salicional 58                     Pedal Organ – 30 notes 16   Open Diapason 30 16   Violone 30 16   Bourdon 30               Gallery Organ George Jardine & Son New York City (1869) Mechanical action Changed to electro-pneumatic action (1886) 4 manuals, 53 stops, 65 ranks Following the fire of 1865, St. George's Church was rebuilt and opened in 1867. A contract for a new gallery organ was awarded to Geo. Jardine & Son, and the organ was completed in 1869. The organ cost about $12,000 with a $1,500 allowance for the old Hall organ. Leopold Eidlitz, architect of the church, also designed the unencased display of pipes, which were richly painted and stencilled. The casework was built by the Herter Brothers under a separate contract. At the centerpiece was a clock face from which radiated flared reed resonators of the Tuba Mirabilas. Other Jardine organs, notably Temple Emanu-El, also featured a similar pipe display, but St. George's organ is arguably the most famous example of this trend-setting decorative style. Jardine built an amphitheatre-style console in which the stops were "arranged in a semi-circular method, bringing them within easy reach of the organist." The organ was winded by water power: when the organist turned a valve at the console, water would travel by gravity from a 10,000 gallon tank in one of the towers, through the feeders, and into a similar-sized tank in the tower's basement. An engineer would then engage a steam engine as required to pump the water back up to the tank in the tower. George W. Morgan exhibited the organ on December 30, 1869.                 Great Organ (Manual II) – 58 notes 16   Double Open Diapason 58 4   Geigen Principal 58 8   Grand Open Diapason 58 3   Twelfth 58 8   Open Diapason 58 2   Fifteenth 58 8   Gamba 58   Mixture, 3 ranks 174 8   Stopped Diapason 58   Sesquialtera, 4 ranks 232 6   Gross Quint 58 8   Trumpet 58 4   Grand Principal 58 4   Clarion 58                 Swell Organ (Manual III) – 58 notes, enclosed 16   Bourdon 58   Cornet, 3 ranks 174 8   Open Diapason 58   Cymbal, 4 ranks 232 8   Dolce 58 8   Cornopean 58 8   Stopped Diapason 58 8   Posaune 58 8   Clariana 58 8   Hautboy 58 4   Echo Flute 58 8   Vox Humana 58 4   Principal 58   Tremulant 2   Piccolo 58                         Choir Organ (Manual I) – 58 notes 16   Bourdon 58 4   Vienna Flute 58 8   Dulciana 58 4   Violino 58 8   Viol di Gamba 58 2   Piccolo 58 8   Vox Celestis 58 8   Cremona 58 8   Lieblich Gedeckt 58 8   Campanella [bells]         Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 58 notes 8   Doppel Flute 58 2   Gemshorn 58 8   Vox Angelica 58 8   Tuba 58 4   Flute Harmonic 58 8   French Horn 58 4   Quintaton 58                     Pedal Organ – 30 notes 32   Double Open Diapason 30 8   Violoncello 30 16   Open Diapason 30 4   Octave 30 16   Violon 30   Sesquialtera, 3 ranks 90 16   Contra Bass 30 16   Trombone 30 12   Gross Quint 30                     Mechanicals     Six couplers   Sforzando Pedal     Six combination knobs   Bellows Signal     Five composition pedals   [Swell Pedal]             Organ in first St. George's Church at Stuyvesant Square: Henry Erben New York City (1856) Mechanical action 3 manuals, 45 stops An organ was built by Henry Erben in 1856 for the original St. George's Church at Stuyvesant Square. The church and organ were destroyed by fire in 1865. Specifications for this organ have not yet been located.             Organ in first St. George's Church on Beekman Street: Thomas Hall New York City (1822) Mechanical action 3 manuals, 28 stops, 37 ranks Thomas Hall built this organ for St. George's Church on Beekman Street. The organ cost $3,000 and had a mahogany case 14 feet wide, 8 feet deep, and 24 feet high with gilded front pipes. This was a "G" organ with a Swell organ to "fiddle G". The Hall organ remained in its original location for use by it new occupants, the Church of the Holy Evangelists, when St. George's moved in 1848 to its building on Stuyvesant Square. The Church of the Holy Evangelists dissolved in 1860, and the Hall organ and church bell reverted to St. George's Church. Following the 1847 fire which destroyed St. George's and its 1856 Erben organ, St. George's rebuilt their church and moved the Hall organ to serve as a temporary organ until the new Jardine organ could be built.                 Great Organ 16   Double Open Diapason 2   Fifteenth 8   Open Diapason   Sesquialtera, 3 ranks 8   Stop Diapason   Cornet, 5 ranks [mounted] 4   Principal 8   Trumpet 3   Twelfth 4   Clarion                 Swell Organ 16   Double Stop Diapason 4   Night Horn 8   Open Diapason   Cornet, 4 ranks 8   Stop Diapason 8   Trumpet 8   Viol di Gamba 8   Hautboy 4   Principal   Trimland [sic]                 Choir Organ 8   Dulceano 4   Flute   8   Stop Diapason 2   Fifteenth   4   Principal 8   Bassoon                   Pedals       Coupler 16   Double Open Diapason     Coupling Stopp   16   Stop Diapason         8   Principal                       Earlier organ at Beekman Street location: John Geib New York City (ca. 1800) Mechanical action No stoplist of this organ is known to exist. The church and organ were destroyed by fire on January 5, 1814.             Sources:      "A Large Organ," The New York Times (Dec. 30, 1869:2). Specifications of Geo. Jardine & Son Organ (1869).      American Organ Archives, Organ Historical Society, Princeton, N.J. Specifications of J. Woodberry & Co. organ, Op. 241 (1907). Courtesy Jonathan Bowen.      The American Organist, February 1959. Specifications of M.P. Möller Organ, Op. 9127 (1958).      Blanchard, Homer D. "The Organ in the United States: A Study in Design." Specifications of Geo. Jardine & Son Organ (1869). The Bicentennial Tracker. Richmond: Organ Historical Society, Inc., 1976.      Blanton, Joseph E. The Organ in Church Design. Albany: Venture Press, 1957.      Cameron, Peter T. "A Chronology of the Organ Builders Working in New York City", The Bicentennial Tracker. Richmond: Organ Historical Society, Inc., 1976.      Dunlap, David W. From Abyssinian to Zion: A Guide to Manhattan's Houses of Worship. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.      Ochse, Orpha. "A Glimpse of the 1860s," The American Organist, November 1969.      Ochse, Orpha. Austin Organs. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 2001.      Ogasapian, John. Organ Building in New York City: 1700-1900. Braintree: The Organ Literature Foundation, 1977.      Robinson, Albert F. "Historic American Organ Builders, Part VII," Music / The A.G.O.-R.C.C.O Magazine, July 1976.      Scofield, Jeff. Specifications of Austin Organ, Op. 1530 (1928) and Op. 1549 (1928).      Scofield, Jeff. Specifications of M.P. Möller Organ, Op. 9127 (1958).      Trupiano, Larry. Console details (couplers, pedal movements, etc.) of Cole & Woodberry organ (1907). Photos:      Music / The A.G.O.-R.C.C.O Magazine, July 1976: Geo. Jardine & Son Organ (1869) in the gallery.      Blanton, Joseph E. The Organ in Church Design. Albany: photos of Austin Organ, Op. 1530 (1928) and Op. 1549 (1928); Geo. Jardine & Son Organs (1869 and 1884).      Lawson, Steven E.: exterior      Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Online: 1909 interior (A. Moore, photographer)      Scofield, Jeff: black & white photos of interior from M.P. Möller, Inc. brochure.      Stein, Ken: console of M.P. Möller Organ, Op. 9127 (1957); church interior.             | NYC AGO Home Page | Back to NYC Organ Project List |