C. Bai Lihme Residence - 950 Fifth Avenue, New York City
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C. Bai Lihme Residence

950 Fifth Avenue at 72nd Street
New York, NY 10021



C. (Christian) Bai Lihme was born in 1866 in Aalborg, Denmark. After graduating, in 1888, from the University of Copenhagen, where he specialized in chemistry, he came to the United States and became the chief chemist of the Pennsylvania Lead Company of Pittsburgh, a position he held until 1893. Mr. Lihme then moved to Germany where he studied at the University of Heidelberg. He then returned to the U.S. to be superintendent of the Illinois Zinc Company at Peru, Ill., from 1895-1910, after which he formed the Matthiessen & Hegeler Zinc Company of La Salle, Ill., and served successively as secretary, vice president and president. He was a director of several banks and mining corporations, and was a member of the Metropolitan, RIver and Union League Clubs of New York.

In 1901, Mr. Lihme married the former Olga Hegeler, daughter of Edward C. Hegeler, a pioneer zinc smelter. The couple had four children: two daughters and two sons. Celebrity came to their daughter, Anita, when she became a princess after marrying Prince Edward Joseph Lobkowicz of Vienna in 1925. Lobkowicz' father was Prince August Lobkowicz, the Privy Counselor and Lord Chamberlain to Emperor Franz Josef, and his mother, the former Countess Palermy of Bohemia, was a lady-in-waiting to the Austrian Court. The Lobkowicz family had an important library and art collection. The other daughter, Olga, married into the Griscom family of Philadelphia.

The Lihmes lived in Chicago before moving to New York where they had an apartment at 280 Park Avenue, at the corner of 48th Street. Around 1927, the family moved into an opulent triplex apartment at 950 Fifth Avenue, on the northeast corner of 76th Street, that overlooked the green dome of Temple Beth-El directly across the street and Central Park. Designed by James E. R. Carpenter, who was arguably the foremost architect of luxury residential buildings in New York City at the time, the narrow Italian-Renaissance palazzo-style building was erected in 1926 and completed in January 1927. The finely detailed fourteen-story building originally had two full-floor simplexes, five two-floor duplexes, and servants' rooms at the penthouse. Today, the seven units are owned by some of the city's most notorious billionaire bachelors. The Lihme familiy also maintained a summer home, "Norman Hall," in Watch Hill, R.I., and a winter home in Palm Beach, Fla.

Following his retirement in 1921, Mr. Lihme began to buy fine paintings by such artists as Rubens, Corot, Rembrandt and others. An important acquisition was "Portrait of the Marchesa Lomellini," one of the seven famous van Dyck paintings that had hung for centuries in the Cattaneo Palace in Genoa, for which Lihme was reported to have paid $200,000. He also collected Flemish tapestries, costly porcelains and glassware. On the evening of June 26, 1927, the Lihme residence at 950 Fifth Avenue was vandalized by a doorman, a nightman and an elevator man who were resentful for not receiving a promised bonus from the building, of which Mr. Lihme was part owner. After drinking whiskey for two hours, the three Irishmen let themselves in to the Lihmes' apartment, which was vacant for the summer, where they found and consumed cakes and a baked ham, and bottles marked "Frontenac Export Ale." The ham was eaten without the aid of cutlery, and when they had finished eating it one of them flung the bone through the glass panel of the pantry door. Over the next few hours the inebriated trio damaged objects worth $300,000 in the salon and dining room, including chandeliers, mirrors, lamps, vases, paintings, and the Welte-Mignon pipe organ. Several days later, an interior decorator from P. W. French & Co., who had been commissioned to remove some 16th century Flemish tapestries which Mr. Lihme was lending for an exhibition, discovered the damage and had the elevator man alert the police. After questioning, the stalwart doorman confessed to the crime and was ultimately sentenced to a prison term of one and one-half to three years. Although the irreparable damage was estimated to be between $30,00 and $50,000, "Mr. Lhime had insurance against theft, fire, weather, et al.,—but not against drunken lackeys."

C. Bai Lihme died on October 15, 1946, at his home at 950 Fifth Avenue after a long illness. He was 80 years old. Mrs. Olga Lihme died on November 9, 1956, of a heart attack at her home in Palm Beach, Fla., at the age of 79.
             
 
Welte Philharmonic Pipe Organ console in C. Bai Lihme Residence - New York City
  at left: Welte organ console; on far wall: van Dyck's "Portrait of the Marchesa Lomellini"
Welte-Mignon Corp.
Poughkeepsie, N.Y. (1926)
Electro-pneumatic action
2 manuals, 27 stops, 9 ranks
Automatic Player




The Drawing Room of the Lihmes' Fifth Avenue residence contained a Welte Philharmonic Pipe Organ. This nine-rank instrument could be played from a small two-manual console or by an automatic roll player that was contained behind panels in the console. On June 26, 1927, not long after the organ was installed, three disgruntled building employees vandalized the apartment, defaced art works, and destroyed the $17,000 pipe organ. It is not known if the organ was repaired or replaced. An article in The New York Times (June 28, 1927) described damage to the organ:
"On the west wall was a built-in Welte-Mignon organ, with pipes ingeniously concealed behind tapestries and sound passages curiously covered with wrought iron decoration, so that when played in the salon on the twelfth floor, its music could be turned on or off in any of the other rooms of the triplex apartment which runs from the twelfth to the fourteenth floor. Most of the organ keys were smashed. Some were ripped out. Footmarks were plainly visible on them. Somebody had climbed on the organ and stamped on the keys."
This organ was sold to St. John Evangelical Lutheran Church, Yonkers, N.Y., where it was dedicated on September 19, 1943.
               
Great Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
  Open Diapason  
8
  Vox Humana  
8
  Philomela       Harp  
8
  Gedackt       Chimes  
8
  Viole d'Orchestre       Great 16'  
8
  Viole Celeste       Great 4'  
8
  Dulciana       Swell to Great 16'  
4
  Octave       Swell to Great 8'  
4
  Flute       Swell to Great 4'  
8
  Cor Anglais          

     

     
Swell Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
  Contra Dulciana [TC]  
2
  Flautino  
8
  Open Diapason  
8
  Cor Anglais  
8
  Philomela  
8
  Vox Humana  
8
  Gedackt       Vox Humana Tremolo  
8
  Viole d'Orchestre       Tremolo  
8
  Viole Celeste       Harp  
8
  Dulciana       Chimes  
4
  Flute       Swell to Swell 16'  
4
  Dulcet       Swell to Swell 4'  
2 2/3
  Nazard          

     

     
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
16
  Bourdon
44
    Great to Pedal 8'  
16
  Lieblich Gedackt [ext. Ged.]
12
    Swell to Pedal 8'  
8
  Bass Flute [ext.]
    Swell to Pedal 4'  
8
  Gedackt
MAN
       
    Chimes          
             
Sources:
     Alpern, Andrew. The New York Apartment Houses of Rosario Candela and James Carpenter. New York: Acanthus Press, 2001.
     "Art: Vandal Sentenced," Time (Aug. 22, 1927).
     "Art: Vandals," Time (July, 11, 1927).
     "Art Wrecker Says He Sought Revenge," The New York Times (Aug. 2, 1927).
     "C. Bai Lihme Dies; Retired Chemist," The New York Times (Oct. 16, 1946).
     Lewis, James. Stoplist of Welte Philharmonic Pipe Organ (1926).
     "Lutherans Set Dedication of New Organ," The Herald Statesman (Yonkers, N.Y., Sept. 18, 1943). Courtesy James Lewis.
     "Mrs. C. Bai Lihme," The New York Times (Nov. 10, 1956).
     "Servants on Spree Wreck Lihme Home, Ruin Art Treasures," The New York Times (June 28, 1927).
     "The Welte-Mignon Corp. Announces a New Welte Philharmonic Organ Model," The Music Trade Review (June 21, 1924).

Illustrations:
     Lewis, James. Drawing Room in the C. Bai Lihme apartment at 950 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y.
     Wurts Brothers. 950 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. (c.1927).