Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City
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Trinity Church, Wall Street
(Episcopal)

Broadway at Wall Street
New York, N.Y. 10006
http://www.trinitywallstreet.org 
Organ Specifications:
Present building (since 1846):
► III/85d Marshall Ogletree Assoc., Op. 1 (2003)
► IV/161 Aeolian-Skinner, Op. 408-D (rev., as of 2000)
► IV/153 Aeolian-Skinner, Op. 408-D (1968)
► IV/120 Aeolian-Skinner, Op. 408-A,B,C (1958)
► IV/73 Ernest M. Skinner Co., Op. 408 (1923); rev. (1928)
► IV/56s Hook & Hastings, Op. 2168 (1907) – Gallery
► III/26 Hook & Hastings, Op. 1923 (1901) – Chancel
► II/17 Hall & Labagh (1864) – Chancel
► IV/37 Henry Erben (showing revisions to 1889)
► III/31 Henry Erben (1846)
Second building (1790-1839):
► III/19 Henry Holland (1791)
First building (1698-burned 1790):
► III/25 John Snetzler (ca.1764-burned 1790)
• III/26 John Klemm (1741)

See also All Saints' Chapel.


The first services in the original Trinity Church took place on March 13, 1698. There was no organ until the building was enlarged in 1737, after which John Klemm of Philadelphia built a three-manual instrument of 26 stops for the gallery in 1740. A stoplist for the Klemm organ has not been located. This instrument was replaced in 1764 or 1765 by a 25-stop organ built by John Snetzler of London; both the organ and church were destroyed by fire in 1776. A second church was built in 1787 and contained a three-manual organ of 19 stops by Henry Holland of London. By 1839, the building showed signs of structural weakness and was razed. The Holland organ was moved to the German Reformed Church on Norfolk Street in New York City.

The present edifice was designed by Richard Upjohn in Perpendicular Gothic Style; Upjohn also designed the organ case and stained glass (which was fabricated on-site). Although the church was dedicated on Ascension Day in 1846, the Henry Erben organ was not completed until several months later; it was given a public hearing to crowds numbering in the thousands. The Erben organ was enlarged and changed several times in 1867, 1889, and 1907. A chancel organ was built by Hall and Labagh in 1864 to accompany the choir.

 Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City
In 1923, Ernest M. Skinner of Boston built an entirely new organ (Opus 408) of 64 stops, which had Nave and Chancel divisions, and was controlled by a large four-manual console in the chancel. The chancel divisions and console were installed first, and were dedicated in 1923. The nave (west gallery) divisions were installed following removal of the Erben, and the whole organ was dedicated in March 1924. Skinner's Nave Organ retained several Erben stops — the 32' Open Wood, the Great Mixture III and the Swell Mixture V — and was installed behind the historic Erben case; the Chancel Organ was installed in a chamber behind the Labagh case on the south side of the choir. In 1928, after a trip to England, Skinner replaced several stops.

In 1958, the Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company of Boston built a new console and made major tonal revisions, replacing 75% of the pipework and adding a Chancel Brustwerk division, but retaining most of the mechanisms and chests. When a free-standing altar was planned, removing the choir to the gallery, Aeolian-Skinner was contracted in 1968 to replace all mechanisms and structures not new in 1961, and to provide new ranks and a duplicate console for the gallery; they also repositioned divisions for optimum sound projection. Casavant Frerès of Canada was subcontracted by Aeolian-Skinner to provide the chassis and some chests for the new organ. The Erben 16' Open Wood (Diapason) was retained in the Pedal (the 32' octave was removed during the 1958 rebuild), and was later made playable from the Gallery Great and Pedal divisions. A few original Skinner ranks were used in the new organ, while some of the Skinner Solo stops were given to Calvary Episcopal Church. Alec Wyton dedicated the new organ in 1970. At a later date, the chancel console was made movable.
             
  Marshall & Ogletree Chancel Console - Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City (photo: Steven E. Lawson)
 
Chancel Console by Ruffatti
Marshall Ogletree Associates, Inc.
Needham, Mass. – Epiphany Opus 1 (2003)
Solid State key and stop action
Two 3-manual consoles, 85 duplicate digital stops
Chancel console by Ruffatti; Gallery console by Klann



On September 11, 2001, the World Trade Center towers were destroyed. Trinity Church, located about 600 feet away, was showered with debris, as were nearby St. Paul's Chapel at Broadway and Fulton Street, and the church office building just west of the church at 74 Rector Street. The buildings were subsequently cleaned, but the organs were deemed unusable. In 2003, the Aeolian-Skinner organ in Trinity Church was removed to storage. As a temporary longterm solution, Marshall Ogletree Associates, Inc., of Needham, Mass., installed their all-digital Epiphany Organ, Opus 1, in 2003. Two consoles were provided: the gallery console was built by Klann Organ Supply of Waynesboro, Va. ; the chancel console was built by Fratelli Ruffatti Organs of Padua, Italy.
             
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Contra Principal       Tremulant
8
   Principal       Unison Off
8
   Gamba       Trompette des Tours
8
   Bourdon        
8
   Flûte Harmonique       Great Alternate Stop:
4
   Octave  
16
   Bourdon
4
   Chimney Flute  
8
   Diapason
2 2/3
   Nazard  
4
   Gemshorn
2
   Fifteenth  
2
   Waldflöte
1 1/3
   Mixture IV-V ranks  
1 3/5
   Tierce
16
   Posaune  
5 1/3
   Gross Cornet II ranks
8
   Trompete  
1
   Terz Zimbel III ranks
4
   Klarine  
1/2
   Scharff III-IV ranks
             
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, expressive
16
   Bourdon  
4
   Clarion
8
   Montre       Tremulant
8
   Bourdon       Swell 16'
8
   Salicional       Unison Off
8
   Voix Celeste       Swell 4'
8
   Flûte Douces II ranks  
8
   Trompette des Tours
4
   Prestant        
4
   Flûte Traversière       Swell Alternate Stop:
2 2/3
   Nazard  
32
   Soubasse
2
   Doublette  
16
   Gambe
1 3/5
   Tierce  
8
   Flûte Harmonique
2
   Plein Jeu IV-V ranks  
8
   Dulcet II ranks
1
   Cymbale IV ranks  
8
   Aeoline
16
   Double Trumpet  
2
   Octavin
8
   Cornopean  
16
   Fagot
8
   Oboe  
8
   Echo Vox
8
   Vox Humana        
 
      
 
    
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, expressive
8
   Dulciana       Tremulant
8
   Viola Pomposa       Choir 16'
8
   Viola Celeste       Unison Off
8
   Klein Erzähler       Choir 4'
8
   Erzähler Celeste  
8
   Trompette des Tours
8
   Nachthorn        
4
   Spitzprinzipal       Choir Alternate Stop:
4
   Koppelflöte  
16
   Quintäden
2
   Oktav  
8
   Singend Gedeckt
1 1/3
   Quinteflöte  
8
   Unda Maris II ranks
1
   Mixtur IV ranks  
2
   Zauberflöte
2/5
   Jeu de Clochette II ranks  
1 1/7
   Septième
16
   Basson  
1
   Sifflöte
8
   Trompette  
2 2/3
   Cornet III ranks
8
   Clarinet  
8
   Cromorne
4
   Clairon        
 
      
 
    
Bombarde Organ (floating) – 61 notes
8
   Major Diapason II ranks  
16
   Contre Bombarde
2
   Éclat VII-IX ranks  
8
   Bombarde
       
4
   Bombarde Clairon
 
            
Solo Organ (floating) – 61 notes, expressive
8
   Cello       Solo Alternate Stop:
8
   Cello Celeste  
16
   Contre Gambes II ranks
8
   Flauto Mirabilis  
8
   Voix des Anges II ranks
8
   Tuba Major  
4
   Flûte Triangulaire
8
   French Horn  
8
   Cornet V ranks
8
   English Horn  
16
   Rankett
 
   Tremulant  
16, 8, 4
   Anches Antiques
            Chimes
            Harp
             
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
32
   Contre Basse  
16
   Basson (Choir)
32
   Soubasse  
8
   Tromba
16
   Principal  
4
   Clarion
16
   Soubasse  
8
   Trompette des Tours
16
   Violone        
16
   Bourdon (Swell)       Pedal Alternate Stop:
16
   Dulciana (Choir)  
16
   Violoncelli III ranks
8
   Octave  
16
   Gamba (Great)
8
   Gedeckt  
5 1/3
   Quinte
4
   Super Octave  
4
   Koppelgedackt
2
   Fourniture V ranks  
10 2/3
   Harmonics IV ranks
32
   Bombardon  
16
  Fagot (Swell)
16
   Ophicleide  
4
   Rankett (Solo)
16
   Posaune (Great)       Chimes (Solo)
16
   Double Trumpet (Swell)        
             
Couplers
    Great to Pedal 8'   Bombarde on Great
    Swell to Pedal 8', 4'   Choir to Swell 16', 8', 4'
    Choir to Pedal 8', 4'   Solo on Swell 16', 8', 4'
    Solo on Pedal 8', 4'   Bombarde on Swell
    Bombarde on Pedal   Swell to Choir 16', 8', 4'
    Swell to Great 16', 8', 4'   Great to Great 8'
    Choir to Great 16', 8', 4'   Solo on Choir 16', 8', 4'
    Solo on Great 16', 8', 4'   Bombarde on Choir
             
Controls (lighted pistons above Swell)
    Auto Bass, Auto Melody, MIDI, Sostenuto, etc.
             
  Henry Erben Organ Case - Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City (photo: Steven E. Lawson)
Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company, Inc.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 408-D (1968); rev. (as of 2000)
Electro-pneumatic key and stop action
Solid State Logic combination action (2 levels)
Two 4-manual consoles
86 stops, 119 ranks – Gallery
34 stops, 42 ranks – Chancel
120 stops, 161 ranks – Total




Since its completion in 1970, the Aeolian-Skinner organ was revised over the years by various organ curators, including Tony Bufano, Melvin Robinson, Anthony Meloni and Larry Trupiano. The specifications below are from ca. 2000.

Following the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001, the Aeolian-Skinner organ was deemed unusable. In 2003, the organ was removed and placed in storage. In 2011, Trinity Church donated the organ to Johns Creek United Methodist Church, outside Atlanta, who plan to have the organ renovated and installed in their planned new church.
               
GALLERY ORGAN
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Sub Principal [orig. Erben]
61
4
   Koppelflöte
61
8
   Principal
61
2 2/3
   Twelfth
61
8
   Violone
61
2
   Super Octave
61
8
   Flute Harmonique
61
 
   Fourniture IV ranks
244
8
   Rohrflöte
61
 
   Cymbale IV ranks
244
8
   Erzähler
61
16
   Sub Trumpet
61
4
   Octave
61
8
   Trumpet
61
 
      
 
      
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Lieblich Gedeckt
73
     Plein Jeu IV-V ranks
?
8
   Principal
73
     Cymbale II-IV ranks
?
8
   Gedeckt
73
16
   Hautbois
73
8
   Salicional
73
8
   Trompette
73
8
   Voix Celeste
73
8
   Hautbois [ext.]
12
8
   Flute Celeste II ranks
110
8
   Menschenstimme
73
4
   Octave
73
4
   Clairon
73
4
   Flute Harmonique
73
     Tremulant  
2
   Octavin
73
     Swell 16'  
    Cornett III ranks
183
     Swell 4'  
 
      
 
      
Choir Organ (Floating) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Spitzgamba
61
2
   Blockflöte
61
8
   Rohrflöte
61
1 3/5
   Tierce
61
4
   Principal
61
 
   Mixture IV ranks
244
4
   Nachthorn
61
 
   Tremulant  
2 2/3
   Nazard
61
 
      
 
      
 
      
Positiv Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes
16
   Quintadena
61
4/5
   Terz
61
8
   Praestant
61
 
   Mixture IV ranks
244
8
   Singendgedeckt
61
 
   Zimbel III ranks
183
4
   Principal
61
16
   Rankett
61
4
   Spitzflöte
61
8
   Krummhorn
61
2
   Octave
61
4
   Rohr Schalmei
61
1 1/3
   Larigot
61
 
   Tremulant  
1
   Super Octave
61
 
      
 
      
 
      
Bombarde Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, partially enclosed with Choir
8
   Clarabella Flute *
61
16
   Bombarde
61
8
   Gamba Celeste II ranks *
122
8
   Trompette
61
8
   Clarinet *
61
4
   Clairon
61
    Cornet de Récit V ranks [TC]
210
8
   Trompette Harmonique [horiz.]
61
 
   Grand Fourniture V-VIII ranks
?
 
  
* enclosed with Choir (when engaged, these stops transfer to Choir manual)
 
      
 
  
 
      
 
      
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
32
   Violone [ext.]
12
2
   Flachflöte
32
32
   Untersatz
32
 
   Gros Sesquialtera II ranks
64
16
   Principal
32
 
   Fourniture IV ranks
128
16
   Erben Principal
GT
 
   Scharff III ranks
96
16
   Violone
32
32
   Bombarde [ext.]
12
16
   Bourdon
32
16
   Bombarde
32
16
   Lieblich Gedeckt
SW
16
   Hautbois
SW
8
   Principal
32
8
   Trompette
32
8
   Spitzflöte
32
8
   Hautbois
SW
8
   Gedeckt
32
4
   Clairon [ext.]
12
4
   Choral Bass
32
4
   Rohr Schalmei
POS
4
   Blockflöte
32
 
      
 
      
 
      
CHANCEL ORGAN
 
      
 
      
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Bourdon
61
 
   Mixture IV ranks
244
8
   Diapason
61
 
   Cymbale III ranks
183
8
   Flute
61
8
   Trumpet
61
4
   Octave
61
 
   Great Unison Off  
 
      
 
      
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   English Diapason
61
16
  Double Bassoon
61
8
   Viole da Gamba
61
8
   Cornopean
61
8
   Viole Celeste
61
8
   Clarinet
61
8
   Chimney Flute
61
4
   Clarion
61
4
   Conical Principal
61
     Tremulant  
4
   Harmonic Flute
61
     Swell 16'  
2
   Gemshorn
61
     Swell Unison Off  
    Fourniture IV ranks
244
     Swell 4'  
 
      
 
      
Positiv Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes
8
   Stopped Diapason
61
 
   Sesquialtera II ranks
122
4
   Chimney Flute
61
 
   Tremulant  
2
   Flute
61
 
   Positiv Unison Off  
 
      
 
      
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes (rocking tablets in coupler rail)
8
   Flute Harmonique
prep.
16
  Fanfare Trumpet [TC]
—
8
   Cromorne
Réc
8
  Fanfare Trumpet
61
       
4
   Fanfare Trumpet [ext.]
12
 
      
 
      
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
16
   Double Open Diapason
32
4
   Super Octave
32
16
   Bourdon
GT
 
   Mixture IV ranks
128
8
   Principal
32
32
   Gross Cornet
derived
8
   Gedeckt
32
16
   Trombone
32
               
Couplers (rocking tablets)
    Great to Pedal   Bombarde to Positiv
    Swell to Pedal   Choir on Swell
    Positiv to Pedal   Choir on Bombarde
    Choir to Pedal   Hauptwerk to Pedal
    Bombarde to Pedal   Récit to Pedal
    Swell to Great   Brustwerk to Pedal
    Swell to Great 4'   Solo to Pedal
    Positiv to Great   Récit to Hauptwerk 16'
    Choir on Great   Récit to Hauptwerk
    Bombarde to Great   Récit to Hauptwerk 4'
    Swell to Positiv 16'   Brustwerk to Hauptwerk
    Swell to Positiv   Récit to Brustwerk
    Swell to Positiv 4'   Récit to Brustwerk 4'
    Choir on Positiv   Solo to Brustwerk
               
Reversibles
    Great to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Gallery Off (toe & thumb)
    Swell to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Chancel Off (toe & thumb)
    Positiv to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Gallery Crescendo Off (thumb)
    Choir to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Chancel Crescendo Off (thumb)
    Bombarde to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Full Organ (thumb & toe)
    Hauptwerk to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Swell Sostenuto (thumb)
    Récit to Pedal (toe & thumb)   32' Violone (toe)
    Brustwerk to Pedal (toe & thumb)   32' Untersatz (toe)
    All Swells to Swell (thumb)   32' Bombarde (toe)
               
Adjustable Combinations
   
Gallery Great Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Gallery Swell Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Gallery Positiv Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Gallery Choir Pistons 1-2-3 (thumb)
Gallery Bombarde Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Gallery Pedal Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (toe)
Gallery General Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12 (thumb & toe)
Chancel Great Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb)
Chancel Swell Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Chancel Positiv Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb)
Chancel General Pistons 1-2-3-4 (toe)
  General Cancel (thumb)
  Setter (thumb)
               
Mechanicals
    Ensembles I, II, III, IV – blind fixed combinations (thumb & toe) with indicator lights
    Balanced Gallery Swell Expression Pedal
    Balanced Chancel Swell Expression Pedal
    Balanced Gallery Choir Expression Pedal
    Balanced Crescendo Pedal (with indicator light)
             
Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company, Inc.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 408-D (1968)
Electro-pneumatic key and stop action
Solid State Logic combination action (2 levels)
Two 4-manual consoles
84 stops, 114 ranks – Gallery
30 stops, 38 ranks – Chancel
114 stops, 153 ranks – Total


In 1967, the Vestry approved plans for a free-standing altar, making it desirable for the choir to be placed once again in the gallery. This necessitated a full console for the gallery as well as the relocation of the Positiv division. By this time, the leather work and other mechanical and structural portions of the 1923 organ needed replacement. In addition, the layout of the old 1923 structure did not provide proper space for relocating the Positiv division behind the main case, nor did it allow proper sound projection for the larger 1961 and 1970 instruments.

After much study and deliberation, the Committee on the Fabric of the Church and its Chapels made its recommendation to the Vestry. In November 1968, a contract was signed with the Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company to replace all mechanisms and structures which were not new in 1961, and to reposition all divisions for maximum sound projection. New ranks of pipes were added to fill out the tonal scheme, leather components were replaced with a newly developed synthetic [Perflex, soon replaced at great expense by Aeolian-Skinner], and a duplicate console for the gallery was built to allow maximum flexibility. All portions of the instrument that were new in 1961 were retained, as were many fine ranks of the Skinner Organ and the Erben Pedal principal. These old Erben pipes were removed from the main case and placed against the chamber wall to allow better sound projection.

The instrument was tonally finished by Donald Gillett, President and Tonal Director of the Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company.
               
GALLERY ORGAN
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Violone
61
2
   Superoctave
61
8
   Principal
61
2
   Blockflöte
61
8
   Rohrbordun
61
     Fourniture IV-V ranks
281
8
   Flute Harmonique
61
 
   Cymbale III ranks
183
4
   Principal
61
16
   Sub Trumpet
61
4
   Koppelflöte
61
8
   Trumpet
61
2 2/3
   Twelfth
61
        
 
      
 
      
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Lieblich Gedeckt
73
 
   Plein Jeu IV-V ranks
?
8
   Principal
73
 
   Cymbale II-IV ranks
?
8
   Gedeckt
73
16
   Hautbois
73
8
   Salicional
73
8
   Trompette
73
8
   Voix Celeste
73
8
   Hautbois [ext.]
12
8
   Flute Celeste II ranks
110
8
   Menschenstimme
73
4
   Octave
73
4
   Clairon
73
4
   Flute Harmonique
73
  Tremulant  
2
   Octavin
73
 
   Swell 16'  
    Cornett III ranks
183
     Swell 4'  
 
      
 
      
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Spitzgamba
61
2
   Blockflöte
61
8
   Rohrflöte
61
1 3/5
   Tierce
61
4
   Principal
61
 
   Mixture IV ranks
244
4
   Nachthorn
61
 
   Tremulant  
2 2/3
   Nasat
61
 
      
 
      
 
      
Positiv Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes
16
   Quintadena
61
4/5
   Terz
61
8
   Praestant
61
 
   Mixture IV ranks
244
8
   Singendgedeckt
61
 
   Zimbel III ranks
183
4
   Principal
61
16
   Rankett
61
4
   Spitzflöte
61
8
   Krummhorn
61
2
   Principal
61
4
   Rohrschalmei
61
1 1/3
   Larigot
61
 
   Tremulant  
1
   Principal
61
 
      
 
      
 
      
Bombarde Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, partially enclosed with Choir
8
   Flute *
61
16
   Bombarde
61
8
   Gamba Celeste II ranks *
122
8
   Trompette
61
8
   Clarinet *
61
4
   Clairon
61
4
   Principal
61
8
   Trompette Harmonique
61
 
   Cornet de Récit V ranks [TC]
210
 
  
* enclosed with Choir (when engaged, these stops transfer to Choir manual)
 
   Grand Fourniture V-VIII ranks
?
 
  
 
      
 
      
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
32
   Violone [ext.]
12
2
   Flachflöte
32
32
   Untersatz [ext.]
12
 
   Gross Sesquialtera II ranks
64
16
   Principal
32
 
   Fourniture III ranks
96
16
   Erben Principal
GT
 
   Scharff III ranks
96
16
   Bourdon
32
32
   Contre Bombarde [ext.]
12
16
   Violone
32
16
   Bombarde
32
16
   Lieblich Gedeckt
SW
16
   Hautbois
SW
8
   Principal
32
8
   Trompette
32
8
   Spitzflöte
32
8
   Hautbois
SW
8
   Gedeckt
32
4
   Clairon [ext.]
12
4
   Octave
32
4
   Rohrschalmei
POS
4
   Blockflöte
32
 
      
 
      
 
      
CHANCEL ORGAN
 
      
 
      
Hauptwerk (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Quintade
61
4
   Praestant
61
8
   Montre
61
2
   Waldflöte
61
8
   Bordun
61
     Mixture IV ranks
244
 
      
 
      
Récit (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Flute á Cheminée
61
 
   Cymbale III-IV ranks
?
8
   Viole de Gambe
61
16
   Cromorne
61
8
   Viole Celeste
61
8
   Hautbois
61
4
   Principal Conique
61
4
   Trompette
61
4
   Flute Harmonique
61
     Tremulant  
2
   Gemshorn
61
 
      
 
      
 
      
Brustwerk (Manual I) – 61 notes
8
   Quintadena
61
2
   Octave
61
4
   Rohrflöte
61
 
   Zimbel III-IV ranks
?
 
      
 
      
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
16
   Principal
32
4
   Choralbass
32
16
   Bourdon
32
     Mixture IV ranks
128
16
   Quintaton
HW
32
   Cornet
derived
8
   Principal
32
16
   Cromorne
RÉC
8
   Gedeckt
32
8
   Cromorne
RÉC
             
Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company, Inc.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 408-A, B, and C (1958)
Electro-pneumatic key and stop action
4 manual drawknob console in Chancel
73 stops, 90 ranks – Gallery
28 stops, 30 ranks – Chancel
101 stops, 120 ranks – Total


In 1958, the Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company of Boston was contracted to tonally rebuild the 1923 Skinner organ (Op. 408-A), install a new four-manual drawknob console in the chancel (Op. 408-B), and add a Brustwerk division in the chancel (Op. 408-C). Aeolian-Skinner retained the 1923 Skinner windchests but added a new chest for the new Positiv division behind the lower case pipes on the floor of the choir gallery; these pipes had previously been merely decorative. When completed in 1961, the organ contained seventy-five percent new pipe work. The specifications that follow are from the Aeolian-Skinner Shop Notes, with annotations by Allen Kinzey and Larry Trupiano.
               
GALLERY ORGAN
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Violone (25-61 +)
61
2
   Super Octave +
61
8
   Principal +
61
2
   Blockflöte
61
8
   Rohrbordun +
61
     Fourniture IV-V ranks +
281
8
   Erzähler
61
     Cymbale III ranks +
183
4
   Principal +
61
     Cornet de Récit V rks [TG] +
210
4
   Koppelflöte +
61
8
   Rohr Schalmei
POS
2 2/3
   Twelfth
61
        
 
      
 
      
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Lieblich Gedackt
68
     Plein Jeu III-V ranks +
257
8
   Prinzipal +
68
 
   Cymbale II-III ranks +
165
8
   Gedeckt
68
16
   Hautbois +
68
8
   Salicional (13-68 +)
68
8
   Trompette +
68
8
   Voix Celeste (13-68 +)
68
8
   Menschenstimme
68
8
   Flute Celeste II ranks
124
4
   Clairon +
68
4
   Octave +
68
     Tremulant  
4
   Flute Harmonique
68
    
Swell to Swell 16'
 
2
   Octavin +
61
     Swell Unison Off  
    Cornet III ranks
183
     Swell to Swell 4'  
 
      
 
      
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
  
Spitzgamba
preparation
8
   English Horn
61
8
   Chimney Flute
61
4
   Chalumeau
61
4
   Nachthorn +
61
     Tremulant  
4
  
Nason Flute
preparation
    Choir to Choir 16'  
2 2/3
   Spitznasat
61
    
Choir Unison Off
 
2
   Principal
61
     Choir to Choir 4'  
    Mixtur IV ranks
244
        
 
      
 
      
Positiv Organ (floating) – 56 notes (in case on Gallery rail)
8
   Praestant
56
4/5
   Oktav Terz
56
8
   Singend Gedeckt
56
     Zimbel III ranks
168
4
   Spitzprincipal
56
8
   Rohr Schalmei
56
2
   Gemshorn
56
     Tremulant  
1 1/3
   Larigot
56
     Positiv on Great  
1
   Principal
56
     Positiv on Choir  
 
      
 
      
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Flute
73
8
   Tuba
73
8
   Gamba
73
8
   Trompette Harmonique +
73
8
   Gamba Celeste
73
4
   Clarion
73
4
   Octave
73
     Tremulant  
16
   Ophicleide
73
 
      
 
      
 
      
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
32
   Untersatz (1-12 electronic)
—
4
   Blockflöte **
32
32
   Violone (1-12 electronic
—
2
   Blockflöte [ext.] **
12
16
   Principal [Erben façade]
32
     Mixture III ranks
96
16
   Violone
GT
 
   Scharff III ranks +
96
16
   Bourdon [Roosevelt]
32
     Sesquialtera II ranks +
64
16
   Lieblich Gedackt
SW
32
   Contre Bombarde [2/3 length]
12
8
   Principal +
32
16
   Bombarde +
32
8
   Spitzflöte +
32
16
   Hautbois
SW
8
   Gedeckt [ext.]
12
8
   Trompette [ext.] +
12
4
   Octave [ext.]
12
4
   Clairon [ext.] +
12
             
CHANCEL ORGAN
 
      
 
      
Hauptwerk Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Quintade
61
 4
   Praestant
61
8
   Montre
61
2
   Waldflöte
61
8
   Bordun
61
 
   Mixture II ranks
122
 
      
 
      
Récit Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Flute à Cheminée
73
16
   Cromorne
73
8
   Viole de Gambe
73
8
   Hautbois
73
8
   Viole Celeste [TC]
61
4
   Helle Trompete
73
4
   Spitzprinzipal
73
     Tremulant  
4
   Flûte Harmonique
73
     Récit to Récit 16'  
2
   Blockflöte
61
 
   Récit Unison Off  
    Plein Jeu III ranks
183
     Récit to Récit 4'  
 
      
 
      
Brustwerk Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes
8
   Quintadena
61
2
   Lieblich Prinzipal
61
4
   Rohrflöte
61
 
   Zimbel II ranks
122
 
      
 
      
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
16
   Bourdon
32
2
   Oktav
32
16
   Quintaton
HW
     Scharf II ranks
64
8
   Gedackt
32
16
   Cromorne
RÉC
4
   Choral Bass
32
8
   Cromorne
RÉC
               
           
+ added as Op. 408-A (1958)
           
** added as work order A-769 (1961)
Couplers (tablets)
    Great to Pedal 8'   Swell to Choir 16', 8', 4'
    Swell to Pedal 8', 4'   Solo to Choir 8', 4'
    Choir to Pedal 8', 4'   Hauptwerk to Pedal 8'
    Solo to Pedal 8', 4'   Récit to Pedal 8', 4'
    Positiv to Pedal 8'   Brustwerk to Pedal 8'
    Swell to Great 16', 8', 4'   Récit to Hauptwerk 16', 8', 4'
    Choir to Great 16', 8', 4'   Brustwerk to Hauptwerk 8'
    Solo to Great 8', 4'   Récit to Brustwerk 16', 8', 4'
    Hautpwerk to Swell 8'    
    Brustwerk to Solo 8'   Great/Choir Transfer (with ind. light)
               
Reversibles
    Great to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Hauptwerk to Pedal (toe & thumb)
    Swell to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Récit to Pedal (toe & thumb)
    Choir to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Brustwerk to Pedal (toe & thumb)
    Solo to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Chancel Off (toe & thumb)
    Positiv to Pedal (toe & thumb)   Nave Off (toe & thumb)
               
Adjustable Combinations
   
Nave Great Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Nave Swell Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Nave Choir & Positiv Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Nave Solo Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Nave Pedal Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 (thumb)
Chancel Hauptwerk Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb)
Chancel Récit Pistons 1-2-3-4-5 (thumb)
Chancel Brustwerk Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb)
Chancel Pedal Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb)
Chancel General Pistons 1-2-3-4 (thumb & toe)
Master Pistons 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12 (thumb & toe)
  General Cancel (thumb)
  Setter (thumb)
               
Mechanicals
    Ensembles I, II, III – blind combinations (thumb & toe) with indicator lights
    Balanced Nave Swell Expression Pedal
    Balanced Chancel Récit Expression Pedal
    Balanced Nave Choir Expression Pedal
    Balanced Nave Solo Expression Pedal
    Balanced Nave Crescendo Pedal (with indicator light)
    Balanced Chancel Crescendo Pedal (with indicator light)
    Nave Choir shoe to Nave Solo shoe (toe pedal over Solo shoe)
             
  Console of E.M. Skinner organ, Op. 408 (1923) formerly at Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City
Ernest M. Skinner Company
Boston, Mass. – Opus 408 (1923); rev. (1928)
Electro-pneumatic key, stop and combination action
4 manual drawknob console in Chancel
55 stops, 50 ranks – Gallery
24 stops, 23 ranks – Chancel
79 stops, 73 ranks – Total



Dr. Channing Lefebvre at console of Skinner organ, Op. 408 (1923) at Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City  
Dr. Channing Lefebvre
at the Skinner console
  


In March 1923, the Skinner Organ Company was contracted to build an entirely new double organ that had divisions in the chancel and gallery. A four-manual drawknob console in the chancel controlled the entire instrument. The console and chancel divisions were ready for use by November 1, 1923, and the gallery divisions were completed for dedication on March 10, 1924, by the Rt. Rev. William T. Manning, Bishop of New York and former Rector of Trinity Parish. Music for the dedication was provided by Trinity's Choir, under the direction of Dr. Channing Lefebvre, and the choir of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine, Dr. Miles Farrow, organist. The New York Times (Mar. 11, 1924) reported:
"The press was so great in the crowd that gathered to attend the dedication of the new double organ in Trinity Church last evening that one woman fainted and several had to be taken out of the church. Hundreds were unable to get seats and the police were obliged to close the gates and turn about 500 away. The recital that featured the exercises was broadcast by Station WJZ and it was estimated that many thousands of music lovers 'listened in.'"
Skinner's Nave Organ retained several Erben stops — the 32' Open Wood, the Great Mixture III and the Swell Mixture V — and was installed behind the historic Erben case. The Chancel Organ was installed in a chamber behind the Labagh case on the south side of the chancel. In 1928, after a trip to England, Skinner replaced several stops.
               
NAVE ORGAN
               
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
16
   Diapason
61
4
   Flute
61
8
   First Diapason
61
2
   Fifteenth
61
8
   Second Diapason
61
     Harmonics III ranks *
183
8
   Erzahler
61
8
   Tromba
61
8
   Claribel Flute
61
        
4
   Octave
61
    
* orig. Mixture III ranks; changed 1928
 
      
 
      
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon [added 1929]
73
 2
   Flautino
73
8
   Diapason
73
 
   Mixture III ranks
183
8
   Clarabella
73
16
   Trumpet
73
8
   Salicional
73
8
   Cornopean
73
8
   Voix Celestes
73
8
   Oboe
73
8
   Flute Celeste II ranks
134
4
   Clarion
73
4
   Octave
73
8
   Vox Humana
73
4
   Flute
73
 
   Tremolo  
 
      
 
      
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Diapason
61
2 2/3
   Nazard
61
8
   Chimney Flute
61
2
   Piccolo
61
8
   Gamba [added 1928]
61
8
   English Horn
61
4
   Flute
61
 
   Tremolo  
 
      
 
      
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Gamba
73
8
   Tuba
73
8
   Gamba Celeste
73
8
   French Horn
73
8
   Flute
73
8
   Flugel Horn [added 1928]
73
16
   Ophecleide
73
4
   Clarion
73
8
   Tuba Mirabilis
73
 
   Tremolo  
 
      
 
      
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
32
   Diapason [Erben]
12
8
   Gedeckt
—
16
   Diapason [unit]
44
4
   Flute
—
16
   Diapason
GT
32
   Bombarde [unit]
68
16
   Bourdon [unit]
56
16
   Trombone
—
16
   Echo Lieblich
SW
16
   Posaune
SW
16
   Gamba [added 1928]
32
8
   Tromba
—
8
   Octave
—
4
   Clarion
—
 
      
 
      
CHANCEL ORGAN
 
      
 
      
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
8
   First Diapason
61
 4
   Octave
61
8
   Second Diapason
61
4
   Flute
61
8
   Wald Flute
61
 
      
 
      
 
      
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon
73
4
   Flute
73
8
   Diapason
73
     Mixture III ranks
183
8
   Salicional
73
8
   Cornopean
73
8
   Gedeckt
73
8
   Corno d'Amore
73
8
   Aeoline
73
     Tremolo  
8
   Unda Maris
73
 
      
 
      
 
      
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes, enclosed
8
   Dulciana [Large Scale]
61
8
   Clarinet
61
8
   Melodia
61
 
   Tremolo  
4
   Flute
61
 
      
 
      
 
      
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
16
   Sub Bass [unit]
44
8
   Octave [ext.]
—
16
   Bourdon
32
8
   Still Gedeckt
SW
16
   Echo Lieblich
SW
        
             
  Console of Hook & Hastings organ, Op. 2168 (1907) formerly in gallery of Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City
Gallery Organ:

Hook & Hastings Co.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 2168 (1907)
Electro-pneumatic action
4 manuals, 56 stops


The Henry Erben console was rebuilt in 1907 by Hook & Hastings of Boston. New drawstops were added, but the differing length keyboards were retained.
             
  Case of Hook & Hastings organ, Op. 1923 (1901) in the Chancel of Trinity Church, Wall Street - New York City
Chancel Organ:

Hook & Hastings Co.
Boston, Mass. – Opus 1923 (1901)
Electro-pneumatic action
3 manuals, 20 stops, 26 ranks


In 1901, Hook & Hastings installed a new organ and case in the chancel, resusing some of the parts from the previous 1864 Hall & Labagh organ. The following specification was recorded by Lynnwood Farnam (1885-1930), noted concert organist of the early 20th century, in one of his "Organ Notebooks." Farnam included two additional comments:

   Very poor organ
  Wretched reeds
                 
Great Organ (Manual II) – 61 notes
8
   Open Diapason
61
  
4
   Flute
61
8
   Gamba
61
  
2
   Fifteenth
61
8
   Melodia
61
  
8
   Trumpet
61
4
   Principal
61
          
                 
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 61 notes, enclosed
16
   Bourdon Bass
12
  
4
   Flute Harmonique
61
16
   Bourdon Treble [TC]
49
  
4
   Violina
61
8
   Open Diapason
61
       Dolce Cornet, 3 ranks
183
8
   Salicional
61
  
8
   Cornopean
61
8
   Dolce
61
  
8
   Oboe
61
8
   Stopped Diapason
61
       Tremulant  
                 
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 61 notes
8
   Geigen Principal
61
  
8
   Viole d'Amour
61
8
   Hohl Flute
61
  
4
   Flute
61
                 
Pedal Organ – 32 notes
16
   Sub Bass
32
  
8
   Violoncello
32
8
   Open Diapason
32
          
                 
Couplers
    Swell to Pedal         Swell to Great 16, 8, 4  
    Great to Pedal         Choir to Great 16, 8, 4  
    Choir to Pedal         Swell to Choir 8  
    Pedal to Pedal 4'            
                 
Accessories
    3 pistons to Swell & Pedal   General release
    3 pistons to Great & Pedal   Great to Pedal reversible
    2 pistons to Choir & Pedal   Combination adjuster pedal
             
Chancel Organ:

Hall & Labagh
New York City (1864)
Mechanical action
2 manuals, 15 stops, 17 ranks


This organ was installed in the chancel to accompany the choir.
               
Great (Manual I) – 65 notes (CC-e4)
8
   Open Diapason
65
4
   Principal
65
8
   Melodia [st. basses]
65
2
   Fifteenth
65
8
   Gamba
65
8
   Trumpet
65
4
   Flute
65
        
               
Swell Organ (Manual II) – 42 notes (c-f3), enclosed
16
   Bordun
42
4
   Principal
42
8
   Open Diapason
42
     Cornet, 3 ranks
126
8
   Dulciana
42
8
   Oboe
42
               
Pedal – 29 notes (CC-e)
16
   Bordun
29
        
8
   Violoncello
29
        
             
  1896 watercolor of Erben case at Trinity Church - New York City (American Architect and Building News, May 23, 1896)
 
1896 watercolor of Erben case
Henry Erben
New York City (1846)
Revised and enlarged by Hilborne L. Roosevelt (1885)
and J.H. & C.S. Odell (1889)
Mechanical and pneumatic key and stop action
4 manuals, 37 stops, 43 ranks


Organ console revised by Hilborne Roosevelt (1885) at Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City  
1885 console (rev. by H.L. Roosevelt)
  
In 1885, Hilborne L. Roosevelt was contracted to provide new keyboards and keys. Roosevelt also changed the drawknob panels to a diagonal position, and the stops were made to draw toward the performer. Pneumatic action was applied to the Great Organ, keys and couplers, and seven combination pedals were added: 3 for the Great, 2 for the Swell, and 2 for the Pedal. In 1889, J.H. & C.S. Odell installed a C. and C. electric motor of 3 h.p. to the bellows. The Odells also supplied new pipes for most of the reeds.
             
Great Organ (Manual II) – 66 notes (CCC-f3)
8
   Open Diapason (larger)  
3
   Twelfth
8
   Open Diapason (smaller)  
2
   Fifteenth
8
   Stopped Diapason       Sesquialtera, 3 ranks
4
   Principal (larger)       Mixture, 3 ranks
4
   Principal (smaller)  
8
   Trumpet
4
   Flute  
4
   Clarion
             
Swell Organ (Manual III) – 78 notes (CCC-f3)
8
   Bordun       Swell Bass [outside the box]
8
   Dulciana  
8
   Dulciana
8
   Open Diapason  
8
   Serpent
8
   Stopped Diapason        
4
   Principal        
    Cornet, 5 ranks        
8
   Oboe        
8
   Trumpet        
8
   Vox Humana        
             
Choir Organ (Manual I) – 66 notes (CCC-f3), 54 pipes [lowest octave silent]
8
   Stopped Diapason  
4
   Flute
8
   Dulciana  
2
   Fifteenth
4
   Principal  
8
   Clarinet and Bassoon
             
Solo Organ (Manual IV) – 54 notes (CC-f3)
16
   Æoline  
4
   Harmonic Flute
8
   Horn Diapason  
8
   Cornopean
8
   Melodia  
4
   Clarion
8
   Gamba        
             
Pedal Organ – 30 notes (CCC-f), 42 pipes
32
   Open Diapason        
             
  Organ Loft (Geo. Gibbons Engraving 1882) - Trinity Church Wall Street - New York City
  Engraving of Organ Loft published in Harper's Weekly, January 1882
Henry Erben
New York City (1846)
Mechanical action
3 manuals, 31 stops (original specification)



In 1846, Henry Erben built a monumental organ for the new Trinity Church in conjunction with Dr. Edward Hodges, organist and choirmaster. The total cost was $10,501.72. Over the next three decades, Erben maintained and made changes to the organ. In 1866, Erben was paid $3000 to clean and tune the pipes, reduce the size of the lower octave of pedal pipes (which had been unsuccessful), install a 30-note pedalboard along with additional pipes, straighten the Choir organ box, and install a new Solo Organ. The new Solo division consisted of an Æolina (16), Horn Diapason, Melodia, Gamba, and Harmonic Flute (4).

Without consulting the vestry, Erben decided to raise the pitch of the organ in 1868; after discussion, Erben was allowed to proceed with his plan, and was paid another $3000. In 1874, Erben installed a new 8' Cornopean in the Solo, moved the Swell 4' Clarion to the Solo, added a Vox Humana where the Swell Clarion had been, added a Tremulant on the Swell, revoiced the Swell Bass Serpent and added new tongues, and revoiced the Great Diapasons and Principals.
             
Great Organ – 65 notes (CC-f3, 5½ octaves)
    Open Diapason, larger       Twelfth
    Open Diapason, smaller       Fifteenth
    Stopt Diapason       Sesquialtera, 3 ranks
    Flute       Furniture, 3 ranks
    Principal, larger       Trumpet
    Principal, smaller       Clarion
             
Swell Organ – 42 notes (c-f3, 2 octaves)
    Stopt Double Diapason       Cornet
    Open Diapason       Hautboy
    Stopt Diapason       Trumpet
    Dulciana       Clarion
    Principal        
             
Swell Bass – 25 notes (CC-c, 2 octaves, the upper C connected with Pedals only)
    Dulciana        
    Serpent        
             
Choir Organ – 53 notes (C-f3, 4½ octaves, the lowest octave with no pipes, permanently coupled to Swell Bass)
    Dulciana       Fifteenth
    Stopt Diapason       Clarionet treble
    Principal       Bassoon bass
    Flute        
             
Pedal – 25 notes (CC-c, 2 octaves)
32
   Open Double Diapason (wood)        
16
   Open Double Diapason (wood)        
             
Couplers
    Great to Pedal, unison       Choir to Great
    Great to Pedal, ocatave       Swell to Choir, unison
    Swell to Pedal       Swell to Choir, octave
    Choir to Pedal       Pedal, unison
    Swell to Great, unison       Pedal, octaves
    Swell to Great, octave        
             
Henry Holland
London, England (1791)
Mechanical key and stop action
3 manuals, 19 stops


In 1791, an organ built by Henry Holland of London was installed in the second (1790-1839) Trinity Church. By 1839, the building showed signs of structural weakness and was razed. The Holland organ was moved to the German Reformed Church on Norfolk Street in New York City.
               
Great Organ – 58 notes (GG, AA–f3)
    Open Diapason
58
     Sesquialtra, 3 ranks
174
    Open Diapason to gamut G
46
     Cornet, 4 ranks
232
    Night Horn
58
     Trumpet
58
    Fifteenth
58
        
           
Swell Organ – 35 notes (Tenor G to F)
    Open Diapason
35
     Cornet
?
    Stop Diapason
35
     Trumpet
35
    Principal
35
     Hautboy
35
             
Choir Organ – 58 notes (GG, AA–f3) – permanently coupled to Great
    Stop Diapason
58
     Flute
58
    Dulceano
58
     Cremona
58
    Principal
58
        
             
John Snetzler
London, England (1764)
Mechanical key and stop action
3 manuals, 25 stops


The second organ in the original Trinity Church was built in 1764 by John Snetzler of London, and installed in the gallery. Both the organ and church were destroyed by fire in 1776. No exact specification of this organ is known to exist.
               
Great Organ – 57 notes
    Open Metal Diapason
57
     Tierce
57
    Open Metal Diapason [smaller]
57
     Sesquialtera, 4 ranks
228
    Stopped Diapason
57
     Cornet, 5 ranks [treble]
145
    Principal
57
     Fourniture, 3 ranks
195
    Twelfth
57
     Trompette
65
    Fifteenth
57
     Clarion
65
               
Swell Organ – treble, from tenor
    Open Metal Diapason
34
     Cornet, 3 ranks
102
    Stop Metal Diapason
34
     Trompette
34
    Principal
34
     Hautboy
34
               
Choir Organ – 57 notes
    Open Metal Diapason
57
     Fifteenth
57
    Stop Diapason
57
     Cromorne
57
    Principal
57
     Vox Humana
57
    Flute
57
        
             
John Klemm
Philadelphia, Penn. (1741)
Mechanical key and stop action
3 manuals, 26 stops


Although vestry records show that a committee was appointed in 1703 to confer with a "Mr. Henry Neering, Organ-maker, about making and Erecting an Organ in Trinity Church in New York. . .", no action was taken. In 1709, the Rev'd Vesey, rector, wrote to the Archbishop of Canterbury, expressing the need for an organ, but nothing came of this request.

Finally, in 1739, John Klemm of Philadelphia was commissioned to build the first organ for Trinity Church. Completed in 1741, this organ had three manuals and 26 stops. In January 1744, Klemm was contracted by the vestry to modify the organ; the agreement indicated that Klemm would "change three Treble Stops that are now in wood for Pewter if Required for the sum of fifteen pounds; and will also change the Trumpet stops for a Double Cornett for the sum of fifteen pounds and will make a Pedell compleat for the organ for the sum of twelve pounds if Required." Records show that in November 1744, Klemm replaced the Trumpet with a "Double Cornet Stop in Pewter," installed new bellows and made other repairs. In 1751, Klemm was contracted to clean and repair the organ, and "to compleat the Cornet and Sesqui alto stops formerly made by him."

Apparently, this organ was not successful, perhaps due to unseasoned lumber or poorly prepared leather. On September 24, 1762, the vestry instructed the committee to sell the old organ "for the most they can gett," and had the organist, Mr. Harison, handle the negotiations. While we do not have an exact specification of this organ, a description appeared in this advertisement placed in The New-York Gazette (Nov. 15, 1762):
"Organ in Trinity Church—To be Sold by the Church-Wardens, the Organ in Trinity-Church. The Instrument is large, consisting of 26 Stops, 10 in the Great Organ, 10 in the Choir Organ, and 6 in the Swell, three Sets of Keys; with a Frontispiece of gilt Pipes, and otherwise neatly adorned. It may be inspected; will be sold cheap, and the Purchaser may remove it immediately, (another being expected from England next Spring) but if not disposed of, is, on the Arrival of the new Organ, intended to be shipt to England."
               
Sources:
     Aeolian-Skinner Archives web site: http://aeolianskinner.organsociety.org/
     Dolkart, Andrew S. and Matthew A. Postal. Guide to New York City Landmarks (Third Edition). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2004.
     Dunlap, David. From Abyssinian to Zion: A Guide to Manhattan's Houses of Worship. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.
     Holden, Dorothy. The Life and Work of Ernest M. Skinner. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 1987.
     Farnam, Lynnwood. "Organ Notebook," p.988 (specification of Hook & Hastings chancel organ, Op. 1901). John de Lancie Library, The Curtis Institute of Music, Philadelphia; Sally Branca, Archivist. Courtesy Jonathan Bowen.
     Kinzey, Allen, and Sand Lawn, comps. E.M. Skinner/Aeolian-Skinner Opus List. New Rev. Ed. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 1997.
     Messiter, Arthur Henry. A History of the Choir and Music of Trinity Church, New York. New York: Edwin S. Gorham, 1906.
     Ochse, Orpha. The History of the Organ in the United States. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1975.
     Ogasapian, John. English Cathedral Music in New York: Edward Hodges of Trinity Church. Richmond: The Organ Historical Society, 1994.
     Ogasapian, John. Organ Building in New York City: 1700-1900. Braintree: The Organ Literature Foundation, 1977, p.192.
     "Some Early Organs in New York City Described Vividly," The Diapason (June 1957):16.
     "Stop, Open and Reed – a Periodical Presentation of Pipe Organ Progress". Boston: Skinner Organ Company, 1922-1927: Dr. Channing Lefebvre.
     "Trinity Church Pipe Organs – Historical Sketch and Stop list for the present instrument." New York: Trinity Church (c.1961). Courtesy Larry Trupiano.
     "Trinity Crowded At Organ Dedication," The New York Times (Mar. 11, 1924).

Illustrations:
     American Architect and Building News (May 23, 1896). Watercolor of Erben case. Courtesy John Rust.
     Farnam, Lynnwood. Hook & Hastings chancel case (1901); gallery console (1907); Skinner console (1923); courtesy Jonathan Bowen.
     Harper's Weekly (January 1882). Engraving of organ loft.
     Lawson, Steven E. Ruffatti console of Marshall & Ogletree organ; church interior.
     The Organ Historical Society. Console of Henry Erben organ.
     "Stop, Open and Reed – a Periodical Presentation of Pipe Organ Progress." Dr. Channing Lefebvre.
     Trupiano, Larry. Hilborne L. Roosevelt revised console (1885).